1 ﹒黄澄如主编.实用小儿泌尿外科学.北京:人民卫生出版社,2006:180‐202.2 ﹒吴艳乔,代礼,王艳萍,等.中国儿童尿道下裂发生率的变化趋势.四川大学学报(医学版),2005,36.3 ﹒周云,严向明,张婷,等.尿道板纵形切开卷管尿道成形术治疗小儿尿道下裂.中华泌尿外科杂志,2007,28.Theincreasingincidence of congenitalp enilea nomaliesi n theU nitedS tates .Loss of Bmp7and Fgf8signalin ......