多囊肾( polycystic kidney )为肾皮质、髓质出现无数囊肿的一类遗传性疾病,按遗传方式可分为两型:常染色体隐性遗传型( autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease , ARPKD ) — — —婴儿型多囊肾。常染色体显性遗传型( autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease , ADPKD ) — — —成人型多囊肾。双侧肾脏对称性增大并有分叶征,实质密度减低,皮髓质无明显分界,肾盂较小,多数无明显 ......