1 . Panel(NPUAP/EPUAP). Prevention and treat ment of pressure ulcers:Clinical practice guideline . Washington,D . C .:National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel,2009 ..13 .程秀红,蒋琪霞.压疮预防指南临床应用的效果分析.中华护理杂志,2011,46.18 .蒋琪霞,刘云.成人压疮预测和预防实践指南.南京:东南大学出版社,2009 ..31 .成 ......