1.Elkayam U,Gleicher N.Physiologic changes during normal pregnancy and the puerperium/Elkayam U,Gleicher N.Cardi ac problems in pregnancy.New York:Alan R Liss,1982:5‐34. 2.Morgan M.Anesthetic choice for cardiac bostetric patient.N Engl J Anesth,1990,10:62 ......