1. Steiger HJ, Hanggi D, Schmid-Elsaesser R.Cranial and spinal dural arteriovenous malformations and fistulas: an update. Acta Neurochir Suppl, 2005, 94:115-122 2. Zozulya YP, Slin’ko EI, Al-Qashquish II. Spinal arteriovenous malformations: new classification and surgical treatment. Neurosurg Focus, 2006, 20(5):E7 3. Tender GC, Vortmeyer AO, Oldfield EH. Spinal intradural arteriovenous fistulas acquired in late adulthood: absent spinal venous drainage in pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg Spine, 2005, 3(6):488-494
……